Carbureter for hydrocarbon-engines.



G. BREEZE. GARBURETER FOR HYDROGARBON ENGINES.

APPLIUATION FILED OOT.29,1904.

Patented Feb. 23, 1909.

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GEORGE BREEZE, OE NEWARK, NEW JERSEY, AssieNoR To BREEZE MOTOR MANEAO- TURING COMPANY, or NEWARK, NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION OE NEW JERSEY.

CABURETER FOR HYDROGARBON-ENG-INES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 23, 1909.

Application med october 2:3, 1904. serial No. 230,455.

To au whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE BREEZE, a subject of the King of Great Britain, resident of Newark, county of Essex, State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Carbureters for Hydrocarbon-Engines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to carbureters for explosive engines, and has for its' object to provide a compact and eflicent carbureter which will automatically regulate the proportion of fuel and air according to the ainount'of suction produced by the engine;

provision is also made for a proper regulation of'the air suppl to the carbureter in connection with the a justment of the throttleA valve.

Ctlger features of my invention relate to the fuel inlet valve, the fuel spray nozzle, the carbureter casing, and the drain plug.

My improved carbureter is also ldistinguished by a central unobstructed draft of the fuel mixture to the engine connection.

' Further novel features of my invention will appear from -the description following hereinafter and from the appended claims.

Reference is to be had to the accompanyinor drawings, in which- Figure l is a sectional elevation on line l-l of- Fig. 2; Fig. 2 is a plan with parts in section on line 2-2 of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a partial vertical section on line 3 3 of Fig. 2; Fig. 4 is a horizontal section on line 4 4 of Fig. l; and Fig. 5 vis an enlarged vertical section .on line 5-5 of Fig. 2.

The improved carbureter preferably consists of two main parts, the lower one of which is the iioat chamber with a permanent air inlet, the spray nozzle, and the valve controlling the flow of fuel from the float chamber to the said nozzle. The upper section-forms a cover for'the ioat chamber and f carries the fuel inlet valve, the float-actustead of passin to the engine. A drain plug is provide for the removal of matter contained below the level of the outlet passage A. lAs shown this drain plug B is set in a passage A2 having a valve seat near its yinner end and a screw thread at its outer portioru- The screw plug B has a valve portion B which normally ts the seat tightly so as to close the drain passage A2. If the plug is unscrewed slight-ly so as to unseat the valve B, the liquid can ass from the float chamber to the passage 2, thus reaching perfor-ations B2 below the valve B and a central channel B3 in the plug. The liquid can thus escape, and it is not necessary to completely unscrew the plug B for this purpose.

In the passage A is located the adjustable needle valve C controlling the flow of gasolene or other fluid to the spray nozzle D, through the supply channel A8.

E are plugs for normally closing apertures through which the passages may e cleaned.

The spray nozzle D is located centrally within the tubular inner wall A* of the float chamber, and as shown is held detachably by lneans ofa screw D', the beveled headof which is larger than the nozzle and fits against a seat at the lower end of the socket Al5 located centrally of the casing. The upper end of this socket engages a shoulder on the nozzle.

After removal of the screw, D', the nozzle may be withdrawn upwardly. The bore D2 of the nozzle communicates with the su ply channel A3, and the outlet of the nozz e is preferably enlarged or flared by making the upper end of the nozzle with a cup or depressionl)3 in which a small amount of gasolene will collect when the engine is stopped. This amount will be suilicient in most cases to start the engine, and by constructing the nozzle as above described the neccessity of a special operation-for primin or starting the carbureter 'is largely avoide Another advantage of this flared nozzle construction isthat it produces a sprieading jet or spray of gasolene, and therefore a more perfect mixture with the surrounding air.

The permanent air supply is preferably located at the bottom, and may be provided with a screen F to exclude dust. The air passes up in the central space surrounding the nozzle D and mixes 1n the said space with the gasolene or other 'fuel issuing at the nozzle D.

5 The upper section G of the carbureter is i ada ted to fit around the reduced upper end of t e tubular wall A4 and upon the top of the lower section A, being'secured thereto b screws H. This upper section is substantially tubular, communicating at the bottom with the chamber which contains the nozzle D, and at the side through a connection G with the inlet port of the engine. The top G2 may be a screw cap so as to allow the upper section to be readily dismembered.

In the cylindrical chamber of said upper section is located a throttle valve I having a lateral opening I of rectangular or oval shape to cut off more or less the connection with the engine pipe G. The throttle valve g. -I is secured to a lrod J rigid with an operati ing crank J which is worked from the seat y through suitable connections. f- The throttle valve I is cylindrical and 2,5 contains a gate K movable lengthwise of the rod J and normally pressed upward by a spring L. This gate is connected by a sleeve K with a valve K2 ada ted to close a suplementary air inlet G3 1n the cap or cover A spring L coiled around the rod J tends to force the gate K and valve K2 upward so as to close the opening G3. The .gate K isin such a position as to divide the outlet G into two channels, an upper channel for the air admitted through the supplementary inlet G2, and a lower channel for the air and fuel mixture coming from the central chamber below. 'Should the engine suction increase, the gate K will be drawn farther down, and the supplementary air inlet will be opened so as to increase the pro- :portion of a1r and decrease the proportion of fuel. The spring L will restore the parts to their upper position. In order that the tension of this sprin may be readily adjusted, the lower end o the spring abuts against a pin M, movable up and down in a slot J2 of the rod J, said pin being secured to a screw rod M adjustable vertically in the tubular upper portion of the rod J. A split nut N provided with a securing device such as a clamping screw N serves to hold the rod M after adjustment.

For the purpose of preventing too sudden a dash-pot or checking arrangement consisting as shown of two rods O and pistons O secured to the gate K and working in cylinders P carried by the cross bar I2 at the bottom of the throttle valve I. Each cylinder may have a small vent, and these ports may be connected by a tube Q so as to keep the same pressure in both cylinders; from this tube an opening Q', controlled by a needle valve Q2, leads to the atmosphere.

a movement of the gate` K, I may provide` By adjustin action may e regulated.

With the throttle-valve I is connected eccentrically a rod R parallel with the axis of 'the said valve. This rod connects with a damper sector S pivoted at the main air inlet about an axis alining with that of the throttle valve. This damperis adapted to close more or less the main air inlet T provided in a plate T. Plates S and T fit around the socket A5 and are held in place together with a packing ring U and the screen F, by a cap V. To facilitate the separation of the parts, the rod R may be permanently secured to the cross bar I2, but only loosely engaged with the damper S. It will be understood that as the throttle valve I is closed, the area of the main air inlet will be reduced proportionately. The area of the opening T should preferably be` about equal to the area of the spray chamber formed by the wall A4. The plate S2 which forms a cover for the chamber coi...- taining the float W, also carries the fuel 'inlet, the priming device, and the float controlled lever which actuates the inlet valve.

The fuel inlet consists of a casing X 'having a screw-threaded portion adapted to be projected through an opening inthe cover G2 and to be secured in any desired position by a nut X. A lateral nipple X2 is adapted to receive the gasolene or other fuel from a suitable tank. The connection of the nipple with the oat chamber is controlled by a valve Y, adapted to be seated by the flow of the gasolene and by gravity. The stem of this valve is angular and is adapted to be engaged by one end of the lever Z, fulcrumed on a bracket Z of the cover G2. The other end of this leveris forked and has round portions Z2 resting on the float W, being so adjusted that the level of liquid in the float chamber will be about even with the tip 0f the nozzleD. Should the liquid sink below this level, the outer end of the lever Z will rise to open the valve `Y and admit more gasolene. f

At a suitable point of the cover G2 is located the priming arrangement which may consist of a small casing a. having a screw plug b with a ange to t against the under surface of the cover. and receives the .priming pin c normally held up by a spring d. By pushing the 4pin inward the float W will be depressed to open the valve.

The gasolene supply connection X2 can be adjusted to be either radial as shown, or to any other angle. In some cases, it may be more convenient to place the -inlet valve on the other side of the carburetor; for this purpose, the said valve and the priming device are so constructed that their positions may be interchanged, and an additional bracket Z iis placed on the other side of the float The plug is tubularthis needle valve, the dash-pot I dentlchange of adjustment,

`chamber as shown in Fig. 3, so that thelever Z may be shifted from one side to the other if desired.

,The needle valve C is locked against acciby a pin C2 enga 'ng the serrated head C of the said va ve `The entire carbureter can be taken apart readily.

y' Various modifications may be made wit-lb out departing from the nature of my invention.

' 'It' will be seen that all parts of the carf bureter which require adjustment, such as vthe needle valve, are carried entirely by one of the sections ofthe device, so that when .'tliecarbureter is dismembered, the adjust- '."ment of such parts is not altered.

:1f-I claim- 2'0" 1. Atcarbureter having a mixing cham I ber, 'an outlet for the mixture, a gate Inov- :I i Jable transversely of the outlet and arranged to divide it into two passagesone of which .communicates with the mixing chamber, and ail-air inlet connected with the other pas sage,

, 2. A carbureter havine' a float chamber, a mixing chamber surrounded thereby, a socket .arranged in the axis of said mixing chamber, a `spray nozzle held in said socket and communicating With'the float chamber, and a screw fitted into said nozzle and having an enlarged head engaging a shoulder on said'socket.

3. A carbureter having an annular float chamber, a central mixing chamber, a socket located vin the axis of the mixing chamber and having a connection with the ioat chamber, a spray nozzle provided with a 40 shoulder adapted to engage one end of said socket, and detachable means located at the other end of the nozzlefor holdingit in the socket.

4. A carburcter having a mixing chamber, an outlet for the mixture, a gate movable transversely of said out-let to vary the arca of the passage from the mixing chamber to the outlet, a valve connected with said gate and located on the side opposite to that facing the mixing chamber, a sup* plementary air inlet controlled by said valve, a spring tending to force the valve to its seat, a retarding or checking device located on the mixing chamber side of the gate and consisting of a piston and a cylinl der in which said piston 1s movable, and an adjustable valve controlling the outlet from said cylinder.

5. A carburetor having a mixing chamber and outlet for the mixture, a movable gate to vary the area of the passage fromthe mixino' chamber to the outlet, a valve connectet with said gate to move in unison therewith, a supplementary inlet controlled by said valve, a spring tending to force the valve to its seat, and a retarding or checking device arranged to Work in opposition to said spring and consisting of a plurality of pistons and cylinders in which said pistons are movable, the chambers of said cyl inders being connected so as to equalize the pressure in tiem.

In testina`r` ry whereof, I `have signed this specificatie in the presence of two subscribing Witnes-4 s.

GEORGE BlillEZll.

lVitnesses JOHN Lorna, JOHN A. KnnLnNnncu. 

